Como conectar LED
Conectar o montar un LED
puede parecer lo más fácil de la electrónica, sin embargo requiere conocer y
considerar ciertas características para su buen funcionamiento y una vida útil
prolongada.
Estas características son:
- Vf (Forward Voltaje): Es la tensión en polaridad directa de trabajo del LED y variará en función del color, de la intensidad luminosa y del fabricante. Se mide en Volts.
- If (Forward Current): Es la intensidad de la corriente que circula por el LED. Se mide en miliamperios.
- Vs (Source Voltage): Es la tensión de la fuente de alimentación en Volts.
- R (Resistencia): Es el valor de la resistencia en Ω (Ohm).
Estos cuatro parámetros serán los que deberemos tomar en cuenta al calcular los valores de los componentes adicionales del circuito de alimentación.
Para los valores de
voltaje y corriente del LED se podrán utilizar los valores “genéricos”, de la tabla
que se muestra en la imagen, según el color y el brillo del LED buscando.
Para el cálculo de esta resistencia (o resistor) se utiliza la siguiente
fórmula:
Donde:
R: Es el valor de la
resistencia en Ω (Ohm).
Vs: Es la tensión de la
fuente de alimentación en Volts.
Vf: Es la tensión de
polaridad directa del LED en Volts.
If: Es la corriente de trabajo
del LED en Amper.
N: Es la cantidad de LED
en serie que se conectarán
Una vez calculada la
resistencia, se seleccionará el componente de valor normalizado o comercial más
próximo al calculado (Ver los valores Comerciales en el enlace: http://prdiagramasyelectronica.blogspot.com/2010/08/codigo-de-colores-de-resistencias.html ) y que posea una capacidad de disipación de potencia acorde
al circuito. Generalmente esta potencia será de 1/4 W.
EJEMPLOS:
1. Se desea conectar
cinco LED Azul de alto brillo a una batería de 24V.
Para este caso tendremos
los siguientes valores:
Vs: 24V
Vf: 3V
If: 0.02A
N: 5 El valor de la resistencia debe ser de 470 Ohm
2. Se desea conectar
tres LED Amarillo de alto brillo a una fuente de 12V
Para este caso tendremos
los siguientes valores:
Vs: 12V
Vf: 2V
If: 0.02A
N: 3 El valor de la resistencia debe ser de 330 Ohm
MUCHAS GRACIAS.
ResponderBorrarAgradesco mucho por toda la información suministrada .
ResponderBorraryo tambien
BorrarEste comentario ha sido eliminado por el autor.
ResponderBorrarBuenos dias
ResponderBorraruna persona me vende leds con resistencias de 560 Ohms y 1/4W y quiero poner 3 leds blancos en serie, la pregunta es aunque sean 560 Ohms y yo necesite menos funcionara?
gracias por la ayuda
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